Which of the following is not one of the basic principles of parliamentary procedure that apply to every meeting?

• A. Majority rule
• B. Courtesy
• C. Protection of Rights
• D. Minority rule

Answer: (D)

Parliamentary procedure in every meeting rests on three guiding practices: majority rule, courtesy, and protection of rights. Majority rule means decisions are determined by the side with more votes, which helps the group move forward and resolve issues efficiently. Courtesy keeps the discussion orderly and respectful—speakers are allowed to have their turn, interruptions are minimized, and debate follows the established rules. Protection of rights ensures every member has the opportunity to express opinions, ask questions, and be heard, so no one is unfairly excluded from the process.

Minority rule is not a basic principle because it would reverse the balance intended by these practices: while the majority decides, the rights of the minority are still protected through the rules and procedures that govern debate and voting.